Blood transfusion in pediatric intracranial tumor surgery

Abstract

Background Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Various factors may influence the practice of blood transfusion during this tumor diagnosis. The primary aim of this study was to determine the factors that may influence intraoperative blood transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors and to predict patients who may require blood transfusion Methods A retrospective study was performed in all pediatric patients younger than 15 years who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor removal from January 2018 to December 2023 in our institution. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected from medical and store anesthesia records. The predictors of intraoperative blood transfusion were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 138 patients were included. Intraoperative blood transfusion was performed in 62 (44.9%) patients. In multivariate regression analysis age < 4 years and operating time > 490 minutes were determined as independent variables in terms of need for intraoperative blood transfusion. It was determined that the need for transfusion was higher in patient who were operated on urgently and patients with comorbidities (p = 0.023, p = 0.005). Conclusion In conclusion, the findings obtained in this study suggest that age and surgical duration are independent risk factors for intraoperative blood transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors. Particularly, in younger patients and prolonged surgeries, closer monitoring and awareness may enhance early detection, leading to the prevention of complications.