Mapping evidence of human adaptation to climate change

Author:

Berrang-Ford Lea1ORCID,Siders A.R.2ORCID,Lesnikowski Alexandra3,Fischer Alexandra Paige4,Callaghan Max5ORCID,Haddaway Neal5ORCID,Mach Katharine6ORCID,Araos Malcolm7,Shah Mohammad Aminur Rahman8,Wannewitz Mia9,Doshi Deepal10ORCID,Leiter Timo11ORCID,Matavel Custodio12ORCID,Musah-Surugu Justice Issah13,Wong-Parodi Gabrielle14,Antwi-Agyei Philip15,Ajibade Idowu16,Chauhan Neha17,Kakenmaster William18,Grady Caitlin19,Chalastani Vasiliki I.20ORCID,Jagannathan Kripa21ORCID,Galappaththi Eranga22,Sitati Asha23,Scarpa Giulia24,Totin Edmond25,Davis Katy26,Hamilton Nikita Charles27,Kirchhoff Christine28ORCID,Kumar Praveen29,Pentz Brian30,Simpson Nicholas31ORCID,Theokritoff Emily32,Deryng Delphine33ORCID,Reckien Diana34ORCID,Zavaleta-Cortijo Carol35,Ulibarri Nicola36ORCID,Segnon Alcade37ORCID,Khavhagali Vhalinavho38,Shang Yuanyuan39ORCID,Zvobgo Luckson31,Zommers Zinta23,Xu Jiren40,Williams Portia Adade41,Canosa Ivan Villaverde42,Maanen Nicole van43,Bavel Bianca van26,Aalst Maarten van44ORCID,Turek-Hankins Lynée L.45,Trivedi Hasti46,Trisos Christopher31ORCID,Thomas Adelle47,Thakur Shinny48,Templeman Sienna49,Stringer Lindsay C.50,Sotnik Garry51,Sjostrom Kathryn Dana52,Singh Chandni53ORCID,Siña Mariella Z54,Shukla Roopam55,Sardans Jordi56ORCID,Salubi Eunice A57ORCID,Chalkasra Lolita Shaila Safaee58,Ruiz-Díaz Raquel59,Richards Carys60,Pokharel Pratik61ORCID,Petzold Jan62,Penuelas Josep63ORCID,Avila Julia Pelaez31,Murillo Julia B. Pazmino64,Ouni Souha65,Niemann Jennifer66ORCID,Nielsen Miriam67ORCID,New Mark31ORCID,Schwerdtle Patricia Nayna68,Alverio Gabriela Nagle69,Mullin Cristina A.70,Mullenite Joshua71ORCID,Mosurska Anuszka72,Morecroft Mike73ORCID,Minx Jan5ORCID,Maskell Gina74ORCID,Nunbogu Abraham Marshall75,Magnan Alexandre76ORCID,Lwasa Shuaib77ORCID,Lukas-Sithole Megan78,Lissner Tabea79,Lilford Oliver80,Koller Steven81,Jurjonas Matthew82,Joe Elphin Tom83,Huynh Lam T.M84,Hill Avery14ORCID,Hernandez Rebecca85ORCID,Hedge Greeshma42,Hawxwell Tom86,Harper Sherilee87ORCID,Harden Alexandra70,Haasnoot Marjolijn88ORCID,Gilmore Elisabeth89,Gichuki Leah90,Gatt Alyssa91,Garschagen Matthias10ORCID,Ford James92,Forbes Andrew93ORCID,Farrell Aidan94,Enquist Carolyn95,Elliott Susan96,Duncan Emily97,Perez Erin Coughlan de98,Coggins Shaugn99ORCID,Chen Tara100,Campbell Donovan101,Browne Katherine E.102,Bowen Kathryn103,Biesbroek Robbert104ORCID,Bhatt Indra105,Kerr Rachel Bezner106,Barr Stephanie L96,Baker Emily107,Austin Stephanie E.108,Arotoma-Rojas Ingrid26ORCID,Anderson Christa109,Ajaz Warda110,Agrawal Tanvi111,Abu Thelma Zulfawu112

Affiliation:

1. University of Leeds

2. University of Delaware

3. Department of Geography, Planning & Environment, Concordia University, 1455 boul. de Maisonneuve O, Montreal, Canada H3G 1M8

4. University of Michigan

5. Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change

6. University of Miami

7. New York University

8. University of Glasgow, UK

9. Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Department of Geography

10. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

11. London School of Economics and Political Science

12. Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Sustainable Land Use in Developing Countries (SUS-Land)

13. United Nations University

14. Stanford University

15. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

16. Portland State University

17. School fo Environmental Sciences, JNU, New Delhi

18. University of Notre Dame

19. Penn State University

20. Laboratory of Harbor Works, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece

21. Lawrence Berkeley Lab

22. Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

23. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction

24. University of Leeds, UK

25. Universite Nationale d'Agriculture du Benin

26. Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds

27. NCH Strategy Group / Department of Environmental Planning and Protection (DEPP)

28. UCONN

29. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

30. University of Toronto Scarborough

31. University of Cape Town

32. Climate Analytics gGmbH

33. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

34. University of Twente

35. School of Public Health and Administration, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru

36. University of California, Irvine

37. University of Abomey-Calavi

38. Universuty of Twente, NL

39. Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, The Australian National University

40. School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Glasgow, UK

41. CSIR-Science and Technology Policy Research Institute, Ghana

42. n/a

43. Climate Analytics and Humboldt University of Berlin

44. University of Twente, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre

45. Environmental Science and Policy Graduate Program, Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA

46. Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat, India

47. University of The Bahamas, Climate Analytics

48. G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarma, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

49. USA, Columbia University

50. University of York

51. School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan

52. Memphis-Shelby County Division of Planning and Development, Sustainability and Resilience

53. Indian Institute for Human Settlements

54. School of Public Health and Administration, Cayetano Heredia University, Peru

55. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research

56. 1 CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain. 2 CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain.

57. University of Waterloo, Ontario

58. University of Ottawa (Canada)

59. Future Oceans Lab, CIM-Universidade de Vigo, Spain

60. University of St Andrews and University College London, UK

61. University of Sheffield, UK and EHESP School of Public Health, France

62. Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Germany

63. CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain

64. Eberswalde university for sustainable development

65. Columbia University

66. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami

67. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University

68. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health

69. 1) Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 2) Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 3) School of Law, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

70. University of Connecticut

71. Wagner College

72. Univerisity of Leeds

73. Natural England

74. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impacts

75. University of Waterloo, Canada

76. Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations

77. Makerere University

78. Africa Climate and Development Initiative, University of Cape Town, South Africa

79. Climate Analytics

80. Australian National University

81. University of Miami, Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy

82. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Chapter and the Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research

83. World Resources Institute, New Delhi

84. University of Tokyo, Japan

85. University of California, Davis

86. HafenCity University, Hamburg

87. University of Alberta

88. Deltares

89. Clark University

90. International Livestock Research Institute

91. Wilfrid Laurier University

92. Priestley International Centre for Climate

93. University of Ottawa

94. The University of the West Indies- St Augustine Campus, Trinidad & Tobago

95. U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Climate Adaptation Science Center

96. University of Waterloo (Canada)

97. University of Gueph

98. Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre

99. School of Public Health, University of Alberta

100. E-DA Hospital

101. University of West Indies

102. University of Michigan (USA)

103. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health

104. Wageningen University

105. G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment

106. Cornell University, USA

107. Cornell University

108. Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Amberg-Weiden

109. WWF

110. USPCAS-E, National University of Sciences and Technology

111. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment

112. University of Waterloo

Abstract

Abstract We present the first systematic, global stocktake of the academic literature on human adaptation. We screen 48,316 documents and identify 1,682 articles that present empirical research documenting human efforts to reduce risk from climate change and associated hazards. Coding and synthesizing this literature highlights that the overall extent of adaptation across global regions and sectors is low. Adaptations are largely local and incremental rather than transformative. Behavioural adjustments by individuals and households are more prevalent than any other type of response, largely motivated by drought and precipitation variability. Local governments and civil society are engaging in risk reduction across all sectors and regions, particularly in response to flooding. Urban technological and infrastructural adaptations to flood risk are prevalent in Europe, while shifts in farming practices dominate reporting from Africa and Asia. Despite increasing evidence of adaptation responses, evidence that these responses are reducing risks (observed and projected) remains limited.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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