Impact of In2O3 content on the structural, thermal, and mechanical hallmarks of Na2O-BaO- ZnO-Fe2O3 -P2O 5 glass systems

Abstract

Six glass compositions in the form 20Na₂O–15BaO–10ZnO–(9–x) Fe₂O₃–xIn₂O₃–46P₂O₅ in which 0 ≤ X ≥ 9 mol% were synthesized using a traditional melting method at ambient conditions. In these glass systems, In₂O₃ was used to partly substitute Fe₂O₃. The impact of the In₂O₃ content on the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of the glasses was investigated. Complete characterizations have been accomplished using XRD, DSC, and measurements of the density and molar volume. Elastic parameters including Poisson's ratio properties were also studied. The XRD patterns reflect the amorphous nature of the examined samples. The measured glass density was linearly increased (3.57–3.83 g/cm³), while the calculated molar volume was linearly decreased (34.48–34.11cm³/mol). The DSC examination points out that the indium ions mostly take part in network-forming positions and increase the rigidity of the glass network. Also, as inferred from the DSC data, the thermo-physical parameters T_g, T_p, and glass stability (∆GS) increased nearly proportionately as In₂O₃ was added, whereas the heat capacity change (∆C_p) was inversely related. Regarding the mechanical calculations, all elastic parameters decreased as a result of compositional In₂O₃/Fe₂O₃ modifications. Overall, these findings offer crucial insights into the intricate interplay between composition and properties in glasses, with potential implications spanning various fields, from materials science to engineering applications