Association between olfactory dysfunction and sleep duration in US adults: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Olfactory is closely associated with many diseases, and sleep is the foundation of good health. While the relationship between sleep and olfactory has been reported in numerous studies, there has been relatively little research on whether sleep duration has an effect on smell, so we aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and olfactory. This study used cross-sectional data from people over 40 years old who took part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2012, collecting details on their severe sleep duration, self-report olfactory changes, and several other essential variables. There were 2844 participants, with 23.7% (675/2844) discovering olfactory alterations. Compared with individuals with less than 6 hours of sleep, the adjusted OR values for sleep duration and olfactory dysfunction in 6 to 8 hours of sleep, and more than 8 hours of sleep were 0.7 (95% CI: 0.56–0.88, p = 0.003), and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.52–0.85, p = 0.001), respectively. The association between sleep duration and olfactory dysfunction is an L-shaped curve (nonlinear, p = 0.023). The OR of developing migraine was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.801–0.996, p = 0.042) in participants with sleep seven hours/day. The link between sleep duration and olfactory dysfunction in US adults is L-shaped, with an inflection point of roughly 7 hours/day.