Agricultural Wastewater Sodium Removal by Sugarcane Bagasse Magnetic Nano Biochar

Abstract

Abstract As reuse of the agricultural wastewater reduces the pressure on water resources and improves the environmental conditions, and some field wastewater is rich in sodium, this research has studied the sodium removability by sugarcane bagasse sorbents. The biochar was produced in an electric furnace, activated by KOH, heated in a microwave oven and magnetized using a 2:1 ratio Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate and Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate. The sorbents were produced using 3 KOH-to-biochar ratios, 3 microwave powers and 3 activation times and the sodium in wastewater samples was adjusted using 2, 4 and 8 g/l of sodium nitrate. According to the results, in all treatments, increasing the initial concentration increased the sodium removability. By activated nano biochar it was 1.6 times that of the non-activated and sorbent magnetization reduced it by 20%; the highest removability with activated nano biochar was 61.4% and in the magnetized case it was 58.3%.