Application of Mendelian randomization to explore the genetic association between drinking habits of different beverages and sleep disorder

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To provide genetic evidence for the relationship between drinking habits of various beverages (DHDB) and sleep disorders (SDL) and inform potential clinical treatments for lifestyle improvements. Methods We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the genetic links between DHDB and SDL. DHDB variables included alcohol intake (ALI), alcohol intake frequency (ALF), high-frequency drinking with meals (HAL), tea intake (TEAI), coffee intake (COFI), and red wine intake (RWI). SDL variables included insomnia (INS), inhibit excitability (IE), and sleep duration (SD). Results The Mendelian randomization analysis revealed genetic associations between ALI and INS, ALF and IE, ALF and SD, HAL and INS, HAL and IE, HAL and SD, TEAI and IE, TEAI and SD, COFI and IE (P(IVW) < 0.05). However, no significant genetic associations were found between ALI and IE, ALI and SD, ALF and INS, TEAI and INS, COFI and INS, COFI and SD, RWI and INS, RWI and IE, RWI and SD (P(IVW) > 0.05). Conclusions It indicates that: (1) Alcohol may increase insomnia risk but not affect daytime sleepiness or sleep duration; (2) Frequent alcohol consumption may lead to daytime sleepiness and shorter sleep but doesn't raise insomnia risk; (3) Alcohol with meals may reduce insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and increase total sleep time; (4) Tea consumption isn't an insomnia risk and can reduce daytime drowsiness; (5) Coffee can reduce daytime drowsiness without causing insomnia; (6) Red wine isn't significantly linked to insomnia or daytime sleepiness. Reverse MR analysis suggests associations between sleep disturbances and alcohol and caffeine intake.