Abstract
Background
Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) is an acquired, self-limited pure red cell aplasia that usually occurs in children 4 years old and younger. This clinical condition has been priorly described to be linked to numerous viral and immunologic mechanisms. COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was initially discovered in China in December 2019. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in pandemic.
Case Presentation
This report describes a new clinically relevant condition associated to COVID-19, describing a child with clinical and biochemical signs of Pure Red Blood cells aplasia and bone marrow complete absence of erythroblasts and signs of erythrophagocytosis at the bone marrow needle aspiration, resembling morphological signs such as in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Conclusion
This report highlights a newly highlighted continuum laboratory and clinical spectrum of immune/hematological dysregulations secondary to SARS-CoV-2. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection-linked TEC has never been described in literature, but, according to our findings, should be considered in all the patients with transient erythroblastopenia without congenital red blood cell abnormalities and serology negative for major infections associated with TEC. This condition must be considered in the same spectrum of MIS-C and the inter-links among the two clinical manifestations, as well as a potential interdependence among them, should be considered in the future.