Correlation of Transrectal Ultrasonography Guided Prostate Biopsy Gleason Score Results with Prostate Volume in Patients with Prostate Specific Antigen Level Between 2.5-10 ng/ml.

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To investigate the correlation between prostate volume and Gleason score results obtained by systematic transrectal prostate biopsy in patients with a prostate-specific antigen value between 2,5–10 ng/ml. Methods 904 patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy at our institution were divided into four groups based on prostate volume calculated by transrectal ultrasonography. Group 1 had a prostate volume ≤ 35 cc, Group 2 had a prostate volume ranging from 36-55cc, Group 3 had a prostate volume between 56-75cc, and Group 4 had a prostate volume > 75cc. Subgroups were based on biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma patients within each group in the same prostate volume intervals, and the prostate cancer detection rates and Gleason scores were calculated for each group and subgroup. Results The prostate cancer detection rate was 78.5% in Group 1 and decreased to 17.2% in Group 4. Gleason score ≥ 8 also decreased from 16.4% in Group 1 to 2.5% in Group 4. However, there was no statistically significant difference between Gleason score ≥ 8 in subgroups, with the results of 20,9% in Group 1a and 15% in Group 4a. Conclusion Our study results suggest an inverse relationship between prostate volume, and cancer detection rates. Although Gleason score ≤ 6 rates in biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma patients increased, and Gleason score of 7 decreased in larger prostates it was not obvious in patients with Gleason score ≥ 8. Further prospective studies with large volumes of patients are required to confirm our analysis. Trial registration number and date of registration: 2023/1633 on 07/02/2024 retrospectively registered