Surveillance and Biorational Management of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infesting Coconut to Reduce the Invasion Threat in Bangladesh

Abstract

Abstract The Rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW), Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin, is a new invasive pest in Bangladesh that was first reported in May 2019 infesting coconut trees. In this context, the present study was carried out to respond to this pest immediately by evaluating the seasonal incidence of this pest and establishing a suitable management procedure to control it. Seasonal abundance of RSW populations was observed at weekly intervals from January 2021 to December 2022. Seasonal variations have been observed in RSW infestation of coconuts. The RSW populations prevailed throughout the year, peaking in April-May and September-October in both 2021 and 2022. Among different climatic factors, temperature played a significant role in the growth of these pest populations. Of six treatments tested, the chemical insecticide Acetamiprid (Tundra® 50 SP) was most effective, reducing pest numbers by over 80% after initial and follow-up applications. Initial application of bio-pesticides yielded a more modest 44.83-65.98% control, with D-Lemonine (Bio clean® 5% SL) performing best. A second spray of D-Lemonine lowered nymph, puparium, and adult populations by 82.11%, 82.12%, and 83.53% respectively compared to untreated trees. Furthermore, when Acetamiprid and D-Lemonine were used in combination, they demonstrated a high level of efficacy in controlling the RSW. Therefore, implementing a rotation spraying strategy that involves the use of Acetamiprid followed by D-Lemonine can be considered a sustainable management option to combat RSW infestation in coconut trees. This rotation utilizes chemical and organic options while avoiding the overuse of any single method.