Evaluation of the prevalence of coronary artery disease in patients with valvular heart disease

Abstract

Abstract Background: VHD, it is a disorder that affects the valves that can lead to stenosis which reduce the blood flow forward or regurgitation which cause return the blood back. CAD: it is a progressive inflammation of the wall of the coronary artery and is most often caused by atheroma, which reduces or interrupted the blood flow of the heart muscle. Methods: an observational study of the type of cross section study. This study targeted the patients of Damascus hospital on patients data from the year 2014 to 2023 , 550 files were studied and about 86 patients were selected who met specific acceptance criteria, while all patients were excluded according to specific exclusion criteria. Admission criteria: patients with signal severe valvular lesion. Exclusion criteria: patients with multiple valvular lesions, patients age less than 18, mild and moderate valvular lesions, patients did not have angiography. Place of study: Damascus hospital. Study time: between 3/22/2023 and 6/15/2023. Results: The ages of the studied patients ranged from (45-75). The number of male patients was 42 (48.8 %) and female 44 (51.2 %) of the study patients. for the risk factors for coronary disease, the number of smokers was 19 (22.1 %) of the total patients, and the number of patients with diabetes was 24 (27.9%), and there was a family story in 6 (6.9 %) of the patients. These factors were similar between the groups, and the value of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly different. The presence of coronary heart disease in 33 (38.3 %) of The patients. Conclusion: The study showed that there is an important difference between valvular lesions in terms of the prevalence of coronary heart disease, and the aortic stenosis is most often associated with coronary disease and the difference can be attributed to the fact that the risk factors for atheroma (which is the age in our study) is more common in aortic stenosis. The study also showed that mitral regurgitation also has a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of coronary disease compared to mitral stenosis, as it is known that coronary disease plays an important role as a cause of mitral regurgitation, and the factors of Coronary risk (arterial hypertension in our study) is more frequent.