Factors affecting upper arm exercise self-efficacy in cancer patients with PICC: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Aims and Objectives: This study investigated the level of upper arm exercise self-efficacy in cancer patients with PICC and explored factors that may influence upper arm exercise self-efficacy. Background: Exercise self-efficacy predicts exercise behavior and is related to individual exercise adherence. Upper Arm exercise is safe and effective in preventing Catheter-related complications while maintaining the ability to perform activities of daily living in cancer patients with PICC. However, there is a lack of research on upper-arm exercise self-efficacy and the factors influencing the exercise self-efficacy of cancer patients with PICC. Setting:Cross-sectional survey using a correlational design. Methods:The study included cancer patients with PICC who attended three tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou City from June to September 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Upper Arm Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale for Cancer Patients with PICC , the Cancer Patients PICC Self-Management Competency Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the factors associated with the level of upper arm exercise self-efficacy. Results: The mean upper arm exercise self-efficacy score for cancer patients with PICC was 82.33±15.80, and the overall score was 71.16%, which is in the middle range. The main factors affecting upper arm exercise self-efficacy in cancer patients with PICC included depression (β= -0.447, p<0.001), exercise before illness (β= 0.158, p<0.001), PICC self-management competency(β= 0.169, p<0.001), perceived social support (β= 0.169, p<0.001), per capita monthly household income (β= 0.081, p = 0.002), PICC catheter retention time (β= -0.053, p=0.042), primary caregiver (β = -0.050, p = 0.024). Conclusions: The level of upper arm exercise self-efficacy in cancer patients with PICC needs to be further improved. Clinical healthcare professionals can consider the factors affecting the self-efficacy of upper arm exercise in cancer patients with PICC , formulate a targeted exercise intervention programme, and carry out follow-up visits in a planned manner to guide, supervise, and strengthen the level of self-efficacy of upper arm exercise, and ultimately to achieve the goal of health promotion. Relevance to clinical practice: This study proposes that upper arm exercise self-efficacy behaviors should be promoted in cancer patients with PICC. In response to the identified influencing factors, further upper arm exercise promotion programs are recommended to improve their exercise compliance.