Clincal analysis of 85 patients with multiple primary gastrointestinal malignant tumors

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence, clinical features, treatment factors, prevalence, and prognosis of patients with multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, we aimed to analyze the different tumor combinations, the time interval between the occurrence of tumors, and staging. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 8059 patients for pathologically confirmed gastrointestinal malignant tumors at the Gansu Province Hospital in Lanzhou, Gansu, China between June 2011 and June 2020. Of these, 85 patients had MPMTs. Their data were analyzed for clinical features, treatment factors, prevalence, and prognosis. Results: The incidence of MPMTs was 1.05% (85/8059) in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors; that of synchronous multiple primary malignant tumors (SMPMTs) was 28 (32.94%); and that of metachronous multiple primary malignant tumors (MMPMTs) was 57 (67.06%), including 83 double primary malignant tumors and two triple primary malignant tumors. The most frequent associations were between the rectum colon cancers within the SMPMT category and the gastric-colon cancers within the MMPMT category. For the MMPMTs, the median interval was 53 months. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates from diagnosis of the first primary cancer were 91.36%, 65.41%, and 45.97%, respectively; from diagnosis of the second primary cancer, they were 67.90%, 29.90%, and 17.37%, respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract have a high incidence and poor prognosis. Thus, it is necessary to perform both gastroscopy and colonoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment may improve the diagnosis rate and treatment efficiency of MPMTs.