Effectiveness of biological nurturing on maternal breastfeeding problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

Abstract Background Breastfeeding is important for maternal and child health, yet the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months after birth is low worldwide. Feeding posture is one of the factors that affect breastfeeding. Several articles on biological nurturing have shown that It can improve breastfeeding, but the evaluation metrics of these articles vary and no uniform standards.Research Aims To investigate the influence of biological nurturing on breastfeeding.Method Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, web of science, Medline, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG were systematically searched for studies that met criteria. Two investigators independently assessed the quality of the selected literature and screened data; 14 studies involving 2547 participants were included and meta-analysis was performed using revman 5.3 and state15.1.Results The results showed that the observation group compared to the control group in terms were statistically different, the incidence of exclusive breastfeeding [RR = 1.16,95%CI=[1.10,1.23],P < 0.001], the incidence of breastfeeding success [RR = 1.23,95%CI=[1.13,1.33],P < 0.001], maternal satisfaction [effect size = 1.22,95%CI=[1.16, 1.28],P < 0.001], mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings (MSSNS) score [SMD=-3.05,95%CI=[-3.44,-2.65],P < 0.001], breast pain condition [RR = 0.72.95%CI=[0.61, 0.85],P < 0.001], breastfeeding self-efficacy [SMD = 0.69,95%CI [0.09,1.29]=,P = .02],lactation initiation time[SMD=-1.50, 95%CI=[-2.65, -0.36],P = .01], and postural comfort [SMD = 0.85, 95%CI=[0.68, 1.02],P < 0.001], indicating that the biological nurturing method had a positive effect.Conclusions: Biological nurturing has been shown to better facilitate postpartum women in increasing exclusive breastfeeding incidence, the chance of successful breastfeeding, improving maternal psychological state, maternal satisfaction, maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and reducing breast pain and breast injury, compared to traditional breastfeeding positions. There is little research on the effects of biologic nurturing on infants, which could be further explored.