Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles from Banana Peel Waste: A Comprehensive Study on Sustainable Waste Utilization and Advanced Material Development

Abstract

Abstract The growing challenge of solid waste in various industries underscores the need for sustainable environmental solutions. This study focused on converting banana peel waste, a byproduct from the global banana industry, into valuable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) through an eco-friendly approach. Musaceae peels, which are rich in nutrients and are abundant in Tamil Nadu, India, are often overlooked. In response to the demand for sustainable waste management, this study explored the transformation of Musaceae peel ash into silica using the sol-gel method. The synthesis process involves preparing Musaceae peel ash, extracting silica with a sodium silicate solution, and subsequent gelation, drying, and purification steps to obtain amorphous silica powder. Characterization analyses, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, confirmed the successful synthesis of the mesoporous silica nanoparticles. EDX confirmed the elemental composition, FTIR revealed chemical groups on the nanoparticle surface, and SEM images showed a uniform particle morphology, indicating a well-crystallized nature and optimized adsorption capabilities. This eco-friendly approach not only addresses environmental challenges in waste disposal but also contributes to developing mesoporous silica nanoparticles from a biosource, with potential applications in various advanced fields. This study aimed to promote sustainable waste utilization and explore eco-conscious materials for diverse applications.