Hidden impacts of climate change on biological responses of marine life
Author:
Alter Katharina1ORCID, Jacquemont Juliette2, Claudet Joachim3ORCID, Lattuca María E.4, Barrantes María E.5, Marras Stefano6, Manríquez Patricio7, González Claudio P.8, Fernández Daniel A.4, Peck Myron A.9ORCID, Cattano Carlo10ORCID, Milazzo Marco11ORCID, Mark Felix12ORCID, Domenici Paolo13
Affiliation:
1. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research 2. School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington 3. National Center for Scientific Research 4. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas 5. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego 6. CNR-IAS, Italian National Research Council, Institute of Anthropic impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment 7. Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA) 8. Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas 9. Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research 10. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn 11. University of Palermo, CoNISMa 12. Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany 13. CNR
Abstract
Abstract
Conflicting results remain on how climate change affects the biological performance of different marine taxa, hindering our capacity to predict the future state of marine ecosystems. Using a novel meta-analytical approach, we tested for directional changes and deviations across biological responses of fish and invertebrates from exposure to warming (OW), acidification (OA), and their combination. In addition to the established effects of climate change on calcification, survival and metabolism, we found deviations in the physiology, reproduction, behavior, and development of fish and invertebrates, resulting in a doubling of responses significantly affected when compared to directional changes. Widespread deviations of responses were detected even under moderate (IPCC RCP6-level) OW and OA for 2100, while directional changes were mostly limited to more severe (RCP 8.5) exposures. Because such deviations may result in ecological shifts impacting ecosystem structure and processes, our results suggest that OW and OA will likely have stronger impacts than those previously predicted based on directional changes alone.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
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