Nanosilver For Anopheles Control In Endemic Malaria

Abstract

Abstract Malaria is a national and global problem that needs attention, with 241 million cases. Indonesia is the second highest country with the highest number of cases, with 304,607 cases of malaria in 2021. The use of insecticides at inappropriate doses causes resistance to targets. This study aimed to analyze the toxicity of silver nanoparticles to adult Anopheles mosquitoes in malaria-endemic areas, determine the lethal concentration (LC50), and project effectiveness in the long term. The calculation of LC50 is based on the estimation and plotting of observed data with the formula y = ax + b. LC50 in Nanosilver nitrate toxicity 5965 mg/l. Analysis of long-term projections with the formula y = A ln (x) + B produces the formula Y = (-) 0.012Ln(X) + 0.6933. Absorption of silver nanoparticles into the bodies of Anopheles sp. occurs through the spiracles. It attacks the Ache enzyme in the central nervous system, thereby stopping the mosquito's working system, which will then die. Nanosilver is a very effective herbal insecticide used in an effort to control malaria cases in endemic areas with the correct dose and method. For a lifetime, a dose of 1500 mg/l nanosilver effectively kills 74% of adult Anopheles sp mosquitoes on day 32 and it is projected that on day 60 the efficacy of nanomaterials still has an efficacy of 64% which then decreases to day 180 (6 months) with an efficacy of 63%. Even this nano silver material has an efficacy of 62% within 360 days (1 year).