Isolation rate and amtimicrobial susceptibility profile of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from wastewater of Jimma Medical Center, Jimma Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Introduction. Most hospitals and other health facilities in developing countries like Ethiopia lack wastewater treatment facilities and discharged their wastes into the surrounding water bodies without any form of treatment. Objective . The aim of this study is to determine the isolation rate and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Jimma Medical Center (JMC) wastewater. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2022 on 60 hospital wastewater samples collected from ten sampling sites at JMC. Isolation and identification of Enterobacteriaceae was performed based on standard bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel. Results. A total of seven genera of bacteria were isolated. Among the isolated bacteria E. coli 31(51.7%) and Klebssiella spp. 27(45.0%) were the predominant bacteria. The isolates showed comparably high resistance to Amoxicillin/Clavulinic acid (88.4%), Ampicillin (87.0%), Tetracycline (76.5%) and Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (71.9%). The majority of bacterial isolates 101/114(88.6%) were multidrug resistant (MDR). Conclusion. The majority of bacterial isolates were multidrug resistance, which act as a reservoir of resistant genes that can be transferred to other bacterial isolate. Therefore, establishing wastewater treatment plant is essential.