Comprehensive Study on In vitro Propagation of Some Imported Peach Rootstocksa. In vitro Explant Surface Sterilization and Bud Proliferation

Abstract

Abstract This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue culture, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt. The objective of this study was to establish a micropropagation protocol suitable for three imported peach rootstocks {Okinawa (P. persica), Nemared (P. persica × P. davidiana) × P. persica) and Garnem (P. dulcis × P. persica)} In vitro. According to the results, soaking the explants in sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 20% for 15 min achieved the highest value of responsive (82.81%) and Survived (96.61%) with minimum value of dead (3.14%) and contaminated (0.24%). Garnem genotype explants had achieved the best responsive (89.12%) and Survived (90.62%) with minimum dead (0.00%) and maximum contaminated (9.37%). The shoot tips showed the highest responsive, Survived and dead% (100, 87.40 and12.59% respectively) and minimum significant contaminated (0.00%). Also, the explants differed greatly in their percentages of responsive, survived, dead and contaminated at the different collected dates. The 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations used (3 to 5.0 mg/L-1) demonstrated a similar behavior in terms of in vitro proliferation, with rate of 3.77 to 6.11, 4.33 to 8.88 and 3.33 to 7.44 shoots per explant for Okinawa, Nemared and Garnem peach rootstocks respectively, indicating that the number of shoots is genotype dependent. Hence, 5.0 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.2 mg/L-1 IBA is recommended for shoot proliferation of peach rootstocks since this combination treatment produced the higher significant values of average shoot proliferation % (96.29%) as well as number of shoot per explant (7.48) and average Leaves number/explant (16.33) than the other treatments.