Sexual Dysfunction and Its Impact on Quality of Life among Female Haematological Cancer Patients: A Cross- Sectional Study in Malaysia

Abstract

Abstract Background: Sexual function (SD) and quality of life (QoL) are significantly impacted by cancer and its treatments. However, information on sexual function is scarce, particularly among female patients with underlying haematological malignancies in Asia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of SD in these patients, identify associated factors, and examine their effects on QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Malaysia from 2014–2016, involved female patients with haematological malignancies who were on active treatment or had completed active treatment. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained through patients interviews and medical records. Sexual functions were assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index, psychological aspects with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and health-related QoL using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 version 3.0 questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 89 patients recruited, 82% reported SD. Significant associations were found between SD and menopause (OR, 5.7; 95% CI, 1.60-20.34; p = 0.007) and higher HADS-depression score (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.14–2.21; p = 0.006). Patients with SD exhibited lower median scores in Global Health Status/ QoL (QL2) (66.7 [IQR 33.3] vs. 91.7 [IQR 33.3], p = 0.009), role function (83.3 [IQR 33.3] vs. 100 [IQR 16.7], p = 0.033), cognitive function (83.3 [IQR 25.0] vs. 100 [IQR 16.7]) and pain (33.3 [IQR 33.3] vs. 0 [IQR 16.7]). Weak positive correlations were observed between FSFI score and QL2 (Rs = 0.252, p = 0.018), and cognitive function (Rs = 0.237, p = 0.026), while a moderate positive correlation was found with role function (Rs = 0.315, p = 0.003). Conclusions: SD is highly prevalent in female patients with haematological cancers, significantly impacting QoL, and this needs to be addressed accordingly.