Effect of different custom-made mouthguard palatal extensions on the stress-state of dentoalveolar: a 3D-FEA

Abstract

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to simulate the influence of the palatal extension of a custom-made mouthguard (MG) on protecting dentoalveolar structures and to provide a theoretical basis for designing a comfortable MG. Materials and Methods Based on the finite element analysis (3D-FEA) method, five groups of maxillary dentoalveolar models of wearing MG were established —no MG on the palatal side (NP), on the palatal gingival margin (G0), 2 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G2), 4 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G4), 6mm from the palatal gingival margin (G6) and 8mm from the palatal gingival margin (G8). A cuboid was created to simulate the ground, a gradually increasing force was applied from 0N to 500N on the vertical ground and the distribution and peak values conditions of the Critical modified von-Mises stress, maximum principal stress and displacement of dentoalveolar models were calculated. Results The stress distribution range, stress and deformation peak value of dentoalveolar models increased as the impact strength increased, at 500N, but the position of the MG palatal edge had little effect on the stress distribution, stress and deformation peak value of the dentoalveolar models. Conclusions The different extension ranges of the MG palatal edge have little effect on the protective ability of the MG on maxillary teeth and maxilla. An appropriate palatal extension of MG is the key to improving their wearing comfort, which may help dentists to design a suitable MG and increase its usage. Clinical Relevance Optimized MGs' palatal design to provide a comfortable MG for those involved in sports and increase the usage of the MGs.