Cardiac adverse events associated with statins in myocardial infarction patients: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System

Abstract

Background: Despite the advent of new pharmacotherapies, statins remain a cornerstone in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the cardiac adverse events (CAEs) linked to statins are not well-documented. Aim: This pharmacovigilance study used data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to investigate the association between statin use and CAEs in MI patients. Method: Reports from the FAERS database (2004-2023) identifying statins as the primary suspect in MI patients were analyzed. The study evaluated seven types of statins: atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin. Disproportionality analysis using four major indices, Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-Item Gamma-Poisson Shrinker (MGPS), was conducted to detect signals of statin-related CAEs. Results: Of the 20,346,289 reports reviewed, 150 identified statins as the primary suspect drug in MI patients. The most common CAEs were recurrent MI (50 reports), acute MI (14 reports), followed by tachycardia (10), angina pectoris (8), coronary artery occlusion (6), cardiac failure (6), and arrhythmia (6). The analysis revealed no significant signals of statin-induced CAEs. Conclusion: The findings confirm that statin use in MI patients does not significantly increase the risk of cardiac adverse effects, supporting their safety profile in this context.