A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study on Process Model Comprehension driven by Eye Tracking and Electrodermal Activity

Abstract

Abstract The continual digital transformation in various domains yielded promising opportunities, especially in the healthcare industry. Thereby, a seamless integration of healthcare expertise with information technology (IT) is essential to benefit further from the potentials of digitization (e.g., generate new communication and collaboration synergies). A lingua franca (i.e., a common language that enables understandable information interchange between healthcare practitioners and IT) is vital to this endeavor. The Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) 2.0 is a promising option for such a lingua franca, according to earlier studies. In order to assess BPMN 2.0's potential as a lingua franca, a cross-sectional follow-up study with N = 31 participants was carried out on this foundation. Two process models for dental appointment and vaccination were explained to the participants. Their cognitive load, skin conductivity (i.e., electrodermal activity), and gaze movements (i.e., eye tracking) were all monitored simultaneously. The examined performance indicators reinforce previous conclusions, showing that it is feasible to adequately understand process model semantics, which confirms the effectiveness of BPMN 2.0 as a universal language. However, the significant focus should be on minimizing the inherent complexity of process model syntactics and pragmatics. The outcomes additionally demonstrated the potential for assessing eye tracking and electrodermal activity in this context.