The lingual and facial arteries’ common origin: A systematic review with meta-analysis and a computed tomography angiography study

Abstract

Purpose The present evidence-based systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the fusion morphology of the lingual artery and facial artery (in the form of the linguofacial trunk-LFT) pooled prevalence and morphometry. After carefully investigating the data literature, a retrospective computed tomography angiography (CTA) study was performed to investigate a few parameters that were not well-studied. Materials: An evidence-based systematic review retrieved 41 studies that met our inclusion criteria to identify the LFT pooled prevalence. The literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases. Then, a meta-analysis of the literature was performed using the open-source R programming language and the RStudio software. Moreover, two hundred CTAs were randomly selected and retrospectively studied to identify LFT topography, morphology, and morphometry. Results The LFT pooled prevalence was calculated at 16.41%. The subgroup analyses for nationality, type of study, laterality, and gender retrieved no statistically significant association. The unilateral appearance was estimated at 15.92%, compared to the bilateral at 3.28% (p < 0.001). Concerning the findings of our original study, 50 LFTs were identified (12.5%) unilaterally in 34 patients and bilaterally in 8 patients. A significant correlation was observed between the distance LFT origin from the carotid bifurcation (CCB) (p < 0.001) and the distances LA and FA origin from the CCB (p = 0.004). Conclusions A systematic review with meta-analysis of the LFT were presented, along with an original imaging retrospective study investigating detailed parameters of LFT topography, morphology and morphometry. Knowledge of LFT presence is essential for interventionists in the head and neck region.