No increase in translocated chromosomal aberrations, an indicator of ionizing radiation exposure, in childhood thyroid cancer in Fukushima Prefecture

Author:

Sakai Akira1,Tsuyama Naohiro1,Ohira Tetsuya2,Sugai-Takahashi Misaki1,Ohba Takashi3,Azami Yusuke4,Matsumoto Yoshiko5,Iwadate Manabu5,Suzuki Satoshi5,Sato Maki6,Hosoya Mitsuaki6,Ishikawa Tetsuo7,Suzuki Shinichi8

Affiliation:

1. Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

2. Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

3. Department of Radiological Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Health Sciences

4. Department of Radiation Oncology Southern Tohoku General Hospital

5. Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

6. Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

7. Department of Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

8. Department of Thyroid Treatment, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine

Abstract

Abstract To investigate the effects of radiation exposure due to the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, following the disaster Fukushima Prefecture launched thyroid ultrasound examinations of residents who were generally younger than 18 years at the time of the earthquake. As the rate of pediatric thyroid cancer was higher than expected, we conducted biological dose assessment based on the frequency of translocated chromosome (Tr) aberrations using peripheral blood lymphocytes. Tr formation frequency was compared among the thyroid cancer (n = 38, median age 18 years, age range 12–26 years), thyroid-related disease (n = 30, median age 21 years, age range 15–28 years), and healthy controls (n = 32, median age 21 years, age range 20–23 years) groups. Tr aberration frequency was initially significantly higher in the thyroid cancer than in the other two groups; however, differences among the groups disappeared after adjusting for history of CT scan, as 92%, 67%, and 28% of those in the thyroid cancer, thyroid-related disease, and control groups, respectively, had undergone CT previously. Therefore, the significant difference in the initial number of Tr formations is presumably due to radiation exposure from CT. Accordingly, the effects of medical exposure on the chromosomes of children and adolescents should be noted.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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