Association between bipolar affective disorder, use of antidepressants and osteoporosis

Abstract

Introduction/Objective. Osteoporosis is one of the most common comorbid disorders in depressive mood disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the association between use of antidepressants and osteoporosis in patients with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Methods. The study included 73 inpatients, aged 50-72 years, male and female, hospitalized with depressive episode of BPAD from 2016-2020 at Clinic of psychiatry, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, devided in two groups: a) first group (40) was treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in combination with mood stabilizer (lithium carbonate/lamotrigine), b) second group (33) was treated with mood stabilizer only. Study included two control groups, too. Clinical measurements of bone mineral density at lumbal spine and hip was made using dual energy X-ray absortiometry. CrossLaps and level of calcium and vitamin D were collected from blood sample. Data was analyzed by Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results. Osteoporosis was registered in 25% of patients in the first group and in 18% of patients in second group, while osteopenia was observed within 40% of patients in the first group and in 37% of patients in the second group. There was significant difference in value of CrossLaps, and level of 25 (OH) D vitamin between control groups and first two groups, as well as in prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia. Conclusion. Depressive episode in BPAD is connected with higher prevalence of osteoporosis. Patients treated with SSRIs have higher prevalence of osteoporosis than patients treated with mood stabilizers only