Analysis of spelt variability (Triticum spelta L.) grown in different conditions of Serbia by organic conditions

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the variety, locality and year on the morphological and productive parameters of the spelt wheat obtained in the organic production system. Four spelt varieties were grown at three agroecological environment (Pancevo, Bogdanica and Zlatar), in southeast Europe, Serbia. They are used in order to determine general adaptability in different environment in three years trial (2014-2016). Analysis of the selected production parameters of spelt wheat, according to variety, locality and year, were conducted by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA of the presented data explained that the first two components accounted 86.02% of the total multivariance in the eleven variable factor space. The results showed that the highest values of a number of plants, number of stems, number of spikes, plant height,the number of grains in the spikes, weight of grains per spike, yield of above ground biomass, harvest index and yield of hulled grain were observed for the crops grown in Pancevo, regardless of the spelt wheat variety and year. The samples grown in Bogdanica showed to be very sensitive to the spelt wheat variety, in terms of hull index value. The highest value of mortality stems has been found in Zlatar, regardless of the spelt wheat variety, or the year.