The factors associated with mild cognitive impairment in outpatient practice

Abstract

Background/Aim. Previous studies showed that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was more common in patients with different comorbidities and those using medications that disrupt the homeostasis of vitamin B12. The aim of our study was to determine which of these factors are significantly associated with MCI, as well as which are the most significant risk factors for prediction of its occurrence. Methods. The data have been prospectively collected for 200 adults (males, females, 35-65 years old) in primary care settings enrolled in the clinical study with the case-control approach. Results. By applying the ?2 test for independency, we have determined that the MCIs and use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) (p<0.0005) and also metformin (p<0.0005), are independent factors; in addition, significantly higher percent of subjects who have MCI have peptic ulcer and diabetes, too. Direct logistic regression has been implemented in order to estimate the influence of many probability factors whether the study patients would have the MCI. The two variables have given statistically significant contribution to the model, and these are the serum concentrations of vitamin B12 (OR=0.953; 95%CI 0.936-0.971; p<0.001) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) (OR=6.681; 95%CI 1.305-34,198; p=0.023). Conclusion. The absolute and relative risk-associations of exposure to medicines and MCI is lower than of comorbidities and MCI. The highest statistically significant influence for predicting the MCI have the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, and the presence T2DM.