Affiliation:
1. University of Business Academy, Faculty of Dentistry, Pančevo, Novi Sad, Serbia
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria include more than 20 genera. The most commonly
isolated genera are: Bacteriodes spp., Porphiromonas spp., Fusobacterium
spp. and Prevotella spp. The following genera were isolated somewhat less
frequently: Tanerella spp., Leptotricha spp., Veilonella spp.,Wollinela
spp., Selenomonas spp. and Treponema spp. Anaerobic bacteria have an
anaerobic type of metabolism and therefore their incubation is significantly
longer and more demanding than aerobic bacteria. The genera Prevotella spp.,
Porphyromonas spp. and Fusobacterium spp. are part of the resident flora of
the oral cavity and in unfavorable conditions cause periodontal diseases,
and sometimes dentogenic infections and systemic diseases, such as
Alzheimer?s disease, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases and
inflammatory bowel diseases. The three most important steps for the
successful diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria are: proper sampling with
avoiding sample contamination, rapid transport of samples to the
microbiological laboratory and proper handling of samples. A combination of
beta-lactam with the addition of beta-lactamase inhibitors, metronidazole,
clindamycin and moxifloxacin is used for treatment for infections caused by
anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It is important to note that antibiotics
should be used only with a clear indication and to choose the right
antibiotic in the optimal dose. The aim of this review is to point out the
role of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in periodontal diseases, and its
isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility.
Publisher
National Library of Serbia
Subject
General Medicine,General Chemistry