Development of breeding lines by zigotic ovule culture in Nigella sativa L.

Abstract

This study was carried out in order to develop an embryo culture technique and to establish breeding lines with this technique. Ovule culture was preferred in the study because the seeds were too small and embryo isolation was difficult. Embryo cultures were done by using populations obtained from producers in Samsun, Denizli, Isparta, Mersin in Turkey and ?ameli black cumin variety. Hybridizations were done according to the semi-diallel hybridization method to gain zygotic embryos. LS2.5 and MS (Sigma Aldrich Catalog number: M5519) mediums were used for ovule culture and MSD4 medium was used growing the plants obtained from the ovules. As a result of the research, a total of 2904 ovules were cultured in LS2.5 medium. 148 of them showed callus development; callus formation rate was 5.10%. The highest callus formation rate in the investigated combinations was obtained from ?ameli x Denizli combination at 7.26%. Plant regeneration could not be obtained from these calluses. A total of 3526 ovules were cultured in MS medium. Sixty plantlets were obtained from these ovules and plant formation rate was determined as 1.70%. 41 plants from these matured and were harvested.