The role of dignitaries of lower-rank thematic units in Byzantine society

Abstract

The paper aims to elucidate the place and role, i.e., the real power of functionaries of lower-ranking units in the Byzantine theme system. Their status in the Byzantine bureaucratic and aristocratic society was essentially determined by honorary dignities and by their place in the commanding staff, which was accompanied by precisely defined powers in the army and administration. Military powers or, more specifically, access to military resources, were one of the main factors in the process of acquiring influence. However, the real power of a functionary in society often transcended that framework. In addition to the factors listed above, it also rested on personal wealth and familial or other ties with the most influential circles in society. The real power they wielded was reflected in their participation in the most important political developments in the Empire, which will be discussed in more detail in the text.