Changes in mandible due to osteoporosis

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis may occur in bone tissue as a result of ageing. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate remodeling of old human edentulous mandibular bone due to osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Osseous surfaces of one edentulous and one dentate mandible were extracted from a cadaver. This study included 5 methods of analysis of bone structures in experimental and control bony samples of human mandibular bones. Absolute densities of samples were determined. SEM analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of spectra were used to assess bony layers. Results: Minimum density 1.9658 g/cm3 of edentulous ridge site was detected. SEM micrographs indicated reductions of trabecular and lamellar width. Significant differences (p<0.01) in cancellous site width were recorded in experimental basal specimens. Noticeable increase of porosity was observed in 6.35% of edentulous ridge site and 14.06% of experimental basal site. There was a significant correlation between oxygen presence (p=0.046) eroded and defect bone surfaces (p<0.001). Complexes of hydroxyapatite, calcium-phosphate, tetracalcium-pyrophosphate and amorphous calcium-phosphate were inorganic constituents considerable mineral modifications of edentulous ridge site. Conclusion. Based on the results of the present study, various levels of degradation of cortical matrix and cancellous layers of edentulous mandible may be observed as a result of osteoporosis. .