Morphological and molecular characterization of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) genotypes
Author:
Patel C.G.1, Patel P.T.2, Dharajiya D.T.3, Patel A.B.1, Zala H.N.1, Khatri A.B.1, Tiwari K.K.3
Affiliation:
1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University (SDAU), Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India 2. Department of Seed Technology, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India 3. Bio Science Research Centre, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India
Abstract
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is a legume and one of the most
ancient crops known to man and grown in tropical and subtropical regions.
Cowpea seeds have a high nutritional value containing high amount of protein
(20-25%). Despite of its importance, the utilization of genetic diversity
and germplasm characterization in cowpea breeding program has not been fully
exploited. Therefore, twelve morphological characters and six polymorphic
microsatellite/simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers were used to analyze
genetic diversity in thirty-eight cowpea genotypes. The dendrogram was
constructed using UPGMA algorithm and Gower?s dissimilarity values (ranged
from 0.0601 to 0.5589) derived from twelve morphological characters. It was
grouped in seven clusters showing the most diverse genotypes were CGD 1246
and CGD 1311 (Gower?s distance: 0.5589) and the most similar genotypes were
GC 1501 and GC 1601 (Gower?s distance: 0.0601). In molecular
characterization, a total of 14 amplicons were detected with a ranged from
two to three with an average 2.33 alleles per loci. The mean values of
polymorphic information content (PIC) and heterozygosity was 0.319 and
0.399, respectively which are measures of the efficiency of markers for
studying polymorphism level available in the cowpea genotypes. Total 224
amplicons were considered for to derive Jaccard?s similarity matrix for the
construction of dendrogram (having six clusters) and 2-D PCA (Principal
Component Analysis) plot. The morphological characters and SSR markers can
be used in diversity analysis and characterization of cowpea genotypes. The
per se performing genotypes for individual character can be exploited in
population/genotype development of cowpea for the improvement of that
particular character. This will provide information to plant breeders for
selection of parents to develop populations in cowpea breeding programs.
Publisher
National Library of Serbia
Subject
Plant Science,Genetics
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