Affiliation:
1. Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Novi Sad
2. Institute of Public Health Subotica, Subotica
3. Institute of Public Health Kikinda, Kikinda
4. Institute of Public Health Sremska Mitrovica, Sremska Mitrovica
5. Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade
Abstract
Infections associated with medical procedures, or hospital-acquired
infections (HAIs), occur in all hospitals worldwide. An integrated
infection-control program with HAI surveillance as its cornerstone can reduce
the incidence of HAIs and contribute to economic benefits. The aim of this
paper was to report the prevalence and epidemiological features of HAI in
hospitals in Vojvodina, Serbia. The study population examined herein was
compromised of all of the patients present in the ward at least 48 hours
before the day of surveillance. It also included patients that were scheduled
for discharge or transfer, and those temporarily absent from the ward for
examinations or diagnostic procedures. Data were collected using uniform
questionnaires, created by the scientific board of the study. Data from paper
questionnaires were entered into a specially created electronic database and
analyzed using standard statistical methods. A total of 2 435 patients were
included in the study. The frequency of patients with HAI was 6.6% (95% CI:
5.6%-7.6%), and the prevalence of infection was 7.1% (95% CI: 6.1%-8.1%). HAI
prevalence was significantly different depending on the ward, ranging from
1.7% in the gynecology department to 18.1% in intensive care departments. The
most common type of HAI was pneumonia, representing 20.9% of all reported
HAIs. The second most frequently reported type of HAI was surgical site
infection (19.8%), followed by urinary tract infection (17.4%),
gastro-intestinal infection (14.5%) and bloodstream infection (11.0%). The
most commonly found microorganisms were Enterococcus spp. (14.5%), Klebsiella
pneumoniae (14.5%), Acinetobacter spp. (13.7%), coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus spp. (12.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.5%) and Clostridium
difficile (7.3%). The most frequently used antibiotics in therapy were third
generation cephalosporins to which most of the isolates showed resistance.
Although the consumption of carbapenems in this sample was only 8%, the
registered carbapenem resistance in some bacteria indicates more frequent and
longer use of carbapenems in hospitals with the side effect of selective
pressure.
Publisher
National Library of Serbia
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cited by
3 articles.
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