Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the working population of the Saratov region and its relationship with medical and social factors

Abstract

Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the working population of the Saratov region and its relationship with medical and social factors and their combination. Material and methods. To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, 3077 employees (average age 46.9 ± 9.39 years) were examined within the framework of a single-stage study based on the Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies. This group consisted of 66.5 % men and of 33.4 % women (Adult Treatment Panel III program). To study the relationship of metabolic syndrome with medical and social factors, the place of residence, education, professional affiliation and physical activity (International Questionnaire on Physical Activity) of the study participants were taken into account. Results. According to Adult Treatment Panel III in 2001 and 2005, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the working population of the Saratov region was 18.2 % and 21.2 %, respectively. At the same time, it significantly prevailed among urban residents (22.2 %) compared with rural residents (16.3 %) (p = 0.003), among the study participants with secondary education (22.6 %) compared with the group of people with higher education (17.9 %) (p = 0.002), among employees (26.5 %) compared with workers (17.3 %) (p < 0.001), in individuals with low physical activity (29.3 %) compared with the group of individuals with normal physical activity (18.7 %) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among urban residents was statistically significantly higher in the group of employees compared with workers (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the corresponding groups among the rural population (p < 0.073). As a result of the logistic regression building, it was found that the following medical and social factors contribute to an increase in the developing metabolic syndrome probability: gender, age, body mass index more than 30 kg/m2 , profession (employees), living in the city. Limitation of the study. The conducted research is limited to the working population of the Saratov region. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the working population of the Saratov region and allow us to obtain a generalized picture of its relationship with the main medical and social factors (gender, age, body mass index more than 30 kg/m2 , profession (employees), living in the city), as well as lifestyle factors (low level of physical activity, lack of sports activities).