Identification and pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii isolated from sexually mature female Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Abstract

An outbreak of bacterial septicemia in female silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, which caused significant death of the fish in the Yantian Reservoir, was investigated. The pathogen was isolated from diseased fish and identified as Aeromonas veronii utilizing biochemical characteristics and molecular methods analyses. An artificial infection experiment indicated that the strain caused 100% mortality of juvenile silver carp and mature female fish with eggs but no death of the mature male fish. Silver carp challenged with A. veronii showed similar clinical signs with naturally infected fish. The histopathological study revealed that A. veronii infection caused the increment of hemosiderin granules and the vacuole formation in tissues of the spleen and livers, as well as the collapse, deformation, and disintegration of egg cells. The ACP, AKP, and CAT enzyme activities in the serum of both naturally and artificially infected silver carp were decreased significantly with the severe infection. In this study, A. veronii was isolated and identified as the primary bacterial pathogen causing the mass death of sexually mature female silver carp with eggs in Yantian Reservoir.