Bacopa monnieri Extract As a Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancement Agent

Abstract

Review Bacopa monnieri Extract As a Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancement Agent Bevin J. Nishanth 1, Princy Vijayababu 2, * , and Noble K. Kurian 3 1 Department of Biotechnology, Loyola CollegeChennai600034India 2 The Institute of Biotechnological Research, Rajkot 360004, GujaratIndia 3 School of Life Sciences, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600048India * Correspondence: princyvijayababu@gmail.com     Received: 14 July 2023 Accepted: 8 August 2023 Published: 27 December 2023   Abstract: Traditional Indian medicine uses the neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects of the spice, Bacopa monnieri, commonly known as Brahmi. This paper provides an overview of the potential neuropharmacological benefits and therapeutic applications of Bacopa monnieri. Bacopa monnieri has therapeutic value due to the inclusion of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics. Bacoside A, a triterpenoid saponin of the Dammarane family, has been studied most because of its potential to improve memory and cognitive function. Specific brain regions that are affected by bacoside A experience an increase in protein and RNA production, oxidative stress protection, improved cerebral blood flow, and enhanced synaptic activity. By boosting antioxidant defense mechanisms, lowering oxidative stress, and altering neurotransmitter levels, Bacopa monnieri demonstrates neuroprotective effects. By blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase, lowering the production of β-amyloid plaques, and modifying neurotransmitter levels, it has demonstrated potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. As a natural neuroprotective and cognitive-improving agent, Bacopa monnieri is generally found to be promising. To completely comprehend its mechanisms of action and assess its long-term toxicity, more studies are necessary. Further research is needed to determine whether Bacopa monnieri can be used as a possible treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.