Real-Time Traffic Flow Statistics Based on Dual-Granularity Classification

Abstract

Article Real-Time Traffic Flow Statistics Based on Dual-Granularity Classification Yanchao Bi, Yuyan Yin, Xinfeng Liu *, Xiushan Nie, Chenxi Zou, and Junbiao Du 1 School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China * Correspondence: liuxinfeng18@sdjzu.edu.cn     Received: 17 June 2023 Accepted: 13 September 2023 Published: 26 September 2023   Abstract: Traffic detection devices can cause accuracy degradation over time. Considering problems such as time-consuming and laborious manual statistics, high misdetection probabilities, and model tracking failures, there is an urgent need to develop a deep learning model (which can stably achieve detection accuracy over 90%) to evaluate whether the device accuracy still satisfies the requirements or not. In this study, based on dual-granularity classification, a real-time traffic flow statistics method is proposed to address the above problems. The method is divided into two stages. The first stage uses YOLOv5 to acquire all the motorized and non-motorized vehicles appearing in the scene. The second stage uses EfficientNet to acquire the motorized vehicles obtained in the previous stage and classify such vehicles into six categories. Through this dual-granularity classification, the considered problem is simplified and the probability of false detection is reduced significantly. To correlate the front and back frames of the video, vehicle tracking is implemented using DeepSORT, and vehicle re-identification is implemented in conjunction with the ResNet50 model to improve the tracking accuracy. The experimental results show that the method used in this study solves the problems of misdetection and tracking effectively. Moreover, the proposed method achieves 98.7% real-time statistical accuracy by combining the two-lane counting method.