DOCTOR OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Yu. P. POLUPAN – REACHED CREATIVE PRICES AND PRIVACY OF SCIENCE

Abstract

Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine Yuriy Polupan made a significant contribution to the development of native agricultural science, in particular in the field of breeding, genetics and breeding of agricultural animals of the late XX – early XXI centuries. His efforts laid the foundation and successfully implemented the basic principles and principles of large-scale breeding at a nationwide level of its organization. Yu. P. Polupan was not only the inspirer and author of new Ukrainian dairy breeds and types, but also was and remains the founder of basic modern methods and further directions of work with them. Taking into account above-mentioned, the relevance, practical and cognitive importance of this issue is beyond doubt. The aim of the authors is to carry out a thorough analysis of scientific and methodological developments and achievements of Yu. P. Polupan and to study their influence on modern agrarian science. The authors used historical-chronological, systematic, biographical and source-based methods. The research base covers the scientific works of a talented scientist. One of the foundations of modern breeding theory is the solution of the issues of breeding group consolidation. A wide range of unresolved issues regarding the relevance, genesis of the concept and the essence of consolidation, methods for its assessment by phenotype and genotype, needed to be addressed. Yu. P. Polupan proposed the coefficient of phenotypic consolidation. The scientist tested three variations of the above coefficient, which are based on the use of the coefficient of variability and the standard deviation for each breeding trait. The proposed coefficients have proven to be reliable and convenient for the practical selection and evaluation of different breeding groups. Yu. P. Polupan proposed methodics, that gives a broader picture of the duration and effectiveness of lifetime use of dairy cows and regulates the method of constructing a retrospective sample population for obtaining genetically correct selection estimates. Methodology, using the information on primary zootechnical records of dates of birth, calving and culling, life-time milk yield and milk fat and protein yield and the number of lactations during life provides the calculation of longevity, duration of economic use, lactating, average lifetime milk yield and milk fat and protein yield per 1 day of life, economic use and lactating and coefficients of economic use, lactation and productive use. An important methodological element is the construction of a retrospective sample population for the year of first calving (not culling!) and not later than eight years before the date of the selection analysis. The application of the proposed methodology in the studies of its author, his students and other scholars has proved its effectiveness and correctness. The scientific works of Yu. P. Polupan are also devoted to the development of theoretical and practical bases of estimation of the prepotency and breeding value of sires, prediction of dairy productivity of cows and conservation of the gene pool of farm animals. The scientific interests of the scientist also include grounding of the use of instrumental and visual methods of estimation of the exterior of animals, its ontogenetic and population-genetic laws of formation and relative correlation with the main economic useful traits. The main direction of breeding work, to which Yu. P. Polupan paid attention, is the creation of Ukrainian Red Dairy cattle breed, which until 1998 was proved as holstinized and fat milk intrabreed types, and since 2005 (Order No. 360/75 of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food jointly with the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine) – officially approved Ukrainian Red Dairy breed. The innerbreed structure of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed is represented by the indicated two innerbreed types, the Crimean, Taurian, central and eastern zonal factory types, the Rigel 4939, Geneve 162939, Inganse 343514, Cavalier 1620453, Dairyman 1620274, Chief 1620273-Valiant 1620273, and Maple 1620273 (holsteinized type), Cirrus 16497, Frem 17291, Monarch 18965, Corbitz 16496, Hannibal (fat milk type) and more than 25 factory families. Typical for Yu. P. Polupan is the widespread and correct application of mathematical methods in breeding research using modern (including copyrighted) software and computer technology. In particular, his methodological recommendations for the use of programmable calculators in biometric and zootechnical calculations are one of the most cited scientific works of the author and have been used in the educational process for students of Ukrainian Agricultural Academy (now National University of Life and Environmental Sciences). A number of scientific works by Yu. P. Polupan are devoted to the study of conformational traits, resistance, hormonal status of livestock and economic issues of animal husbandry. Yuriy Pavlovich is characterized by progressive scientific thinking, constant creative search and unremitting energy of researcher. Well-known in Ukraine and far from it not only as scientist, but as well as breeder and Methodist with new creative thinking, Yurii Pavlovich Polupan is able honourably present headed by him institution in Ministry of Education, Agrarian Policy, European Union and FAO.