Abstract
Purpose. To study the quality of compound feeds, the components of which are grain of cereal crops, which can be affected by fungi of the genus Fusarium and contaminated with mycotoxins. To investigate the role of a biologically active additive, which includes organic and medium-chain fatty acids, as well as active organic copper for neutralizing the toxic effect of mycotoxins present in compound feed for pigs and its effect on animal productivity. Methods. Compound feed ingredients and compound feed itself (starter, grower, finisher) for different age groups of pigs were studied for the content of the main nutrients that characterize nutrition, as well as mycotoxins: aflatoxin, deoxynivalenone, zearalenone, fumonisin, T-2 toxin. Sampling and determination of main indicators were carried out in accordance with regulatory documents. Determination of mycotoxins was carried out by the immunoenzymatic method using the “Sunrise” analyzer. Results. Raw materials used for the production of combined feeds contained 5.47-11.8% of fusarium wheat, 8.10-14.2% of triticale, 3.58-4.25% of barley. The grain was also affected by altarnaria and septeriosis. As a result, compound feed made for pigs was contaminated with mycotoxins: aflatoxin in the starter exceeded the permissible level by 11 times, in the finisher – by 2.5 times; deoxynivalenone exceeded the permissible level by 10-20%; T-2 toxin – by 30-36%, and zearalenone was present in an amount below the permissible level. The addition of an additive to compound feed, which included organic and low-chain fatty acids and active organic copper, contributed to the increase in the average daily gains of pigs consuming compound feed starter to the level of 548 g, those consuming compound feed grower to – 720 g, and finisher – to 940 g. Conclusions. The introduction of the additive, which included organic and low-chain fatty acids and active organic copper in the composition of a starter feed, contributed to the increase in average daily gains by 25%, in the grower one – by 25%, and in the finisher – by 27%.
Publisher
Publishing House of National Academy Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Reference21 articles.
1. Toulmin C. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, 2010, vol. 327, pp. 812-818. doi: 10.1126/science.1185383. 2. Leng G., Huang M. Crop vield response to climate change varies with crop spatial distribution pattern. Scientific Reports, 2017, vol. 7, p. 1463. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01599-2.
2. Polovyi V.M., Lukashchuk L.Ia., Lukianyk M.M. Vplyv zmin klimatu na rozvytok roslynnytstva v umovakh Zakhidnoho rehionu [The impact of climate change on the development of crop production in the conditions of the Western region]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky [Herald of Agrarian Science], 2019, no. 9, pp. 29- 34. doi: 10.31073/ agrovisnyk201909-04 [in Ukrainian].
3. FAO: A quarter of the worlds grain is infected with mycotoxins. Agroportal: website. Available at: URL: http://agroportal.ua/ru/news/rastenievodstvo/fao-chvert-mirovogo-proizvodstva-zerna-porazhenomikotoksinami (accessed: 01/08/2019).
4. Fotina T.I., Berezovsky A.V., Petrov R.V., and others. (2013). Veterinary examination of fish, sea mammals and invertebrates [Veterinary examination of fish, sea mammals and invertebrates]. Vinnytsia, New Book, 120 p.
5. Ushkalov V.O., Danchuk V.V., Baranov Yu.S. et al. Monitorynh bioresursiv i produktsii ahropromyslovoho kompleksu na pokaznyky yakosti ta bezpeky yak skladova kontseptsii VOOZ-MEB “Hlobalne zdorovia” [Monitoring of biological resources and products of the agro-industrial complex for quality and safety indicators as a component of the WHO-MEB concept “Global Health”]. Veterynarna medytsyna [Veterinary medicine], 2016, issue 102, pp. 219-223. Available at: URL: http://www.jvm.kharkov.ua/sbornik/102/4_59.pdf [in Ukrainian].