Regularities of formation of quantitative morphometry of fаba bean plants in the system of variation-correlation analysis.

Abstract

Purpose. The in-depth study of the source material for modern directions of faba bean breeding for further use in the creation of high-yielding varieties in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, morphometric, statistical, analyzes on the basis of generally accepted and special methods in plant breeding, seed and crop production. Results. The results of the study of modification variability of absolute and relative quantitative traits of faba bean plants are presented, the interrelation of quantitative traits is investigated and the contribution of individual elements of the productivity structure to the total yield is determined. Environmentally stable indicators and simple indices have been identified, and traits that can be used for genotype identification and selection have been established. Given the high variability of absolute quantitative traits of faba bean plants for genotype identification, it is advisable to use the traits of plant height and number of nodes per plant, where the coefficients of variation were less than 10 percent. For faba beans, the most environmentally stable indices are the harvesting index, the number of seeds per bean, internode length, and the microdistribution index. According to the correlation analysis, it was found that the seed productivity of faba bean varieties is closely correlated with the following indicators: aboveground plant mass, number of beans per plant, number of seeds per plant, weight of pod flaps per plant. Conclusions. These studies allowed to identify absolute and relative traits of faba beans with ecologically stable indicators, simple indices, the ecological variability of which is less than the variation of the original traits, the correlation analysis of the relationships of quantitative traits of faba beans within the species allowed to identify a number of traits that should be used in fodder beans breeding.