Attosecond Photoionization Dynamics: from Molecules over Clusters to the Liquid Phase

Author:

Gong Xiaochun,Jordan Inga,Huppert Martin,Heck Saijoscha,Baykusheva Denitsa,Jelovina Denis,Schild AxelORCID,Wörner Hans Jakob

Abstract

Photoionization is a process taking place on attosecond time scales. How its properties evolve from isolated particles to the condensed phase is an open question of both fundamental and practical relevance. Here, we review recent work that has advanced the study of photoionization dynamics from atoms to molecules, clusters and the liquid phase. The first measurements of molecular photoionization delays have revealed the attosecond dynamics of electron emission from a molecular shape resonance and their sensitivity to the molecular potential. Using electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy these measurements have been extended from isolated molecules to clusters. A continuous increase of the delays with the water-cluster size has been observed up to a size of 4-5 molecules, followed by a saturation towards larger clusters. Comparison with calculations has revealed a correlation of the time delay with the spatial extension of the created electron hole. Using cylindrical liquid-microjet techniques, these measurements have also been extended to liquid water, revealing a delay relative to isolated water molecules that was very similar to the largest water clusters studied. Detailed modeling based on Monte-Carlo simulations confirmed that these delays are dominated by the contributions of the first two solvation shells, which agrees with the results of the cluster measurements. These combined results open the perspective of experimentally characterizing the delocalization of electronic wave functions in complex systems and studying their evolution on attosecond time scales.

Publisher

Swiss Chemical Society

Subject

General Medicine,General Chemistry

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Attosecond ionization time delays in strong-field physics;Chinese Physics B;2024-01-01

2. Attosecond Dynamics in Liquids;Ultrafast Electronic and Structural Dynamics;2024

3. Broadband Photoconductive Sampling in Gallium Phosphide;Advanced Optical Materials;2023-02-26

4. Precise measurement of attosecond dynamics of NO molecular shape resonance;Acta Physica Sinica;2022

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