Suitability of the Iliac Crest as a Site for Harvest of Autogenous Bone Grafts

Abstract

Many donor sites have been advocated for obtaining cancellous bone to be used for grafting alveolar defects. Recently, some authors have suggested that the iliac crest site produced an unacceptably high degree of postoperative morbidity. Because of this morbidity, the use of other donor areas, e.g., rib, cranium, and mandible, are advocated. The iliac crest donor site for alveolar bone grafting has been common practice in our Institution for years under the assumption that little or no postoperative morbidity occurred. To investigate and document the accuracy of our assumption, the charts of the most recent 50 consecutive patients receiving alveolar bone grafts, all of which used the iliac crest as a donor site, were reviewed. Postoperative pain, numbness, infection, paralysis, or long-term disability were catalogued from the charts. In addition, a questionnaire was sent to the parents and patients requesting their perceptions of these parameters. In the cases reviewed, the average length of skin incision was 4.2 cm. The average quantity of bone harvested was 4.1 cc. The usual hospitalization time was 2–3 days. No patients experienced serious or long-term complications at the surgical donor site. Immediate postoperative complications among the 50 patients studied were limited to one hematoma, one stitch abscess, one case of swelling with pain, one erythema, and one 4-day fever accompanied by slight serosanguineous drainage. Information from the questionnaire suggests that most patients returned to full activity within 4–6 weeks. No patient reported any long-term pain or disability. We conclude that the iliac crest is a suitable site to harvest cancellous bone for use in alveolar defect grafting, and should not be rejected solely because of concerns regarding excessive morbidity.