ChIP-Chip Identifies SEC23A, CFDP1, and NSD1 as TFII-I Target Genes in Human Neural Crest Progenitor Cells

Abstract

Objectives GTF2I and GTF2IRD1 genes located in Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) critical region encode TFII-I family transcription factors. The aim of this study was to map genomic sites bound by these proteins across promoter regions of developmental regulators associated with craniofacial development. Design Chromatin was isolated from human neural crest progenitor cells and the DNA-binding profile was generated using the human RefSeq tiling promoter ChIP-chip arrays. Results TFII-I transcription factors are recruited to the promoters of SEC23A, CFDP1, and NSD1 previously defined as TFII-I target genes. Moreover, our analysis revealed additional binding elements that contain E-boxes and initiator-like motifs. Conclusions Genome-wide promoter binding studies revealed SEC23A, CFDP1, and NSD1 linked to craniofacial or dental development as direct TFII-I targets. Developmental regulation of these genes by TFII-I factors could contribute to the WBS-specific facial dysmorphism.