Morphometry and Variation in Os Sacrum

Abstract

Aim: The merger of the fifth lumbar vertebrae with the first sacral vertebrae is called the sacralisation of the lumbar vertebrae. The purpose of this study, changes in the os sacrum with sacralisation were detected, and morphometric measurements were made.Materials and Methods: Measurements on 30 sacrum bones in the laboratory from the Department of Anatomy were performed using a digital caliper with a sensitivity of 0.01 millimeters (mm). Os sacrum measurements were taken. Results: In one of the examined sacrums, it was found that tuberositas ossis sacri had the form of a pit, and on the underside of it, there was a pronounced groove. The processus transverse of the last lumbar vertebra fused with the os sacrum was not noticeably fused. Partial sacralisation was detected in the linea transversa at the anterior junction of the os sacrum and the last lumbar vertebra. It was determined that 21 of the sacrums had four foramina sacralia, and 9 of them had five variational foramina sacralia. Conclusion: It was determined that structural changes might occur in the sacrum and that the number of foramina sacralia may be different. We believe that knowing the morphometric measurements of the sacrum will guide clinicians in the analysis of sacrum fractures and sacrum.