Investigation of buffer capacity of the recreational environmental through the self-purification of natural-technogenic hydroecosystems in the Carpathian region

Abstract

The aim of research was to investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region of Ukraine through the improvement of self-purification assessment on the example of natural-technogenic hydroecosystems. Studies of the self-purification process were carried out on the example of the right tributaries of the river Svicha in the Carpathian region, which are water intakes of wastewater from the oil and gas industry enterprise of Ivano-Frankivsk region. The main factors influencing the natural process of self-purification of natural watercourses are determined. As a result, the indicator of wastewater dilution intensity was improved with the substantiation of the proposed coefficients, which depend on the value of the river flow velocity and water temperature. A scale for assessing surface waters has been developed, that allows to determine the degree of natural self-purification of water from pollutants. Based on the results of the analysis of selected water samples, the pattern of self-purification of natural watercourses from oil products is obtained, which will allow to make forecast maps of the buffer capacity of the recreational environment of the Carpathian region. A regression analysis was performed, which proves the relationship between the content of petroleum products and the distance of their distribution from the source of pollution in the Lushchava River. Fisher's F-test was used to check the significance of the dependence. The reliability of the relationship between the indicators is confirmed by the coefficient of determination (D = r2), which is 0.96. Summarizing the results of the study the scale of estimation of natural self-purification of surface waters from pollutants depending on the calculated indicator of wastewater dilution intensity which’s criteria are the accounting for speed of a river flow and a temperature mode is offered. When establishing the range of n values, the average value of the calculated indicator of the intensity of wastewater dilution for the studied rivers, which is 4, was taken into account. As a result, the proposed scale of assessment of natural self-purification of surface waters allows to determine the degree of self-purification of the right tributaries of the river Svicha, which is necessary for further forecasting of water pollution in the Carpathian region.