Biochemical properties of the plasma of rats with the experimentally induced hepatitis after oral administration of sodium diclofenac

Abstract

We conducted an analysis of the metabolic activity of the liver and defined the peculiarities of biochemical parameters and macroelement composition of blood plasma of rats with experimentally induced toxic hepatitis. Hepatopathology was modeled by oral administration of sodium diclofenac at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg of body mass to rats during 14 days. For the preparation of plasma, rat blood was collected from the abdominal aorta into test-tubes with heparin, and then it was centrifuged at 1500 rev./min for 15–20 min. Then we studied biochemical parameters of blood indicators (level of total protein, albumin, total and conjugated bilirubin, glucose, creatinine, urea, triacylglycerols, cholesterol, thymol test value, activities of ALT, AST, LP and GGT, amylase and lipase) and also its macroelement composition: concentration of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and chlorine using automatic biochemical analyzer «BioSystem A15» (Spain) according to the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) Experts Panel. The results of the introduction in the laboratory rats of drug-induced toxic hepatitis indicate a decrease of metabolic activity of hepatocytes under this hepatopathology. The results showed a decrease in total protein by 17%, albumin by 11%, glucose by 6% , triacylglycerols by 53%, cholesterol by 54%, and an appreciable increase in thymol test value (by a factor of 2.8). Besides this, disruption of the liver pigment function, development of cytolytic syndrome and intrahepatic cholestasis were revealed in the affected animals. The increased activity of the studied blood enzymes (ALT by 28%, AST by 45%, LP by 30%, GGT by a factor of 2.1) confirmed these disruptions. The increase in AST/ALT by 12% ratio confirmed destructive changes in cell membranes, including mitochondrial membranes, caused by metabolic changes under the toxic influence of sodium diclofenac. The increased activities of α-amylase by a factor of 2.4 and lipase by a factor of 8.3 indicate complex negative changes in the organism, not only in liver structure, but also in the pancreas. The results of the study indicate hypocalcemia (decrease by 29%), hypophosphatemia (decrease by 47%) and hypomagnesaemia (decrease by 38%) and a simultaneous increase in the Ca : P ratio by 35%. The last mentioned changes can cause the development of endogenous osteopathy. The results of the study can be used in diagnostics of development of hepatopathology caused by the toxic effects of medication on the liver, for prevention of complications through the early implementation of effective correction therapy.