To the issue of etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD

Abstract

The article provides a theoretical overview and analysis of such a phenomenon as PTSD. The literature data on the study of the issue of posttraumatic stress disorder, in a historical context, from the definition of PTSD as a phenomenon that affected only participants in various military conflicts to a complex multifactorial phenomenon that develops in response to severe stress, is highlighted. In the complex version, it brings trauma and negative experience of interpersonal interaction. The article presents an analysis of the existing problems of diagnosing PTSD, arising from different ideas about the nature of a traumatic event, variations of definitions of this concept by different experts and their attitude to the trauma situation. The article presents the factors, that can lead to the development of PTSD. The prevalence of PTSD is determined by the nature of the traumatic event, its duration and frequency of recurrence. The analysis of studies revealed that the prevalence of PTSD is also influenced by gender, age, socio-cultural attitudes of the individual. In terms of systematic analysis of the scientific literature, studies that indicate that there are differences in the diagnostic criteria between ICD-11 and DSM-5 that affect the diagnostic results were cited. The introduction of such a concept as complex PTSD into modern science can complement the existing theories of the appearance and development of PTSD as a multifactorial disease based on trauma and negative experience of interpersonal interaction.