BIOLOGICAL AND PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF CYTOKINES IN ORAL CANCER

Abstract

Epidemiological data indicate high rates of morbidity and mortality of oral mucosal cancer worldwide. At the same time, even visual accessibility does not allow detecting oral cancer in the early stages. The purpose of the study. Assessment of the involvement of cytokines in the development and progression of oral cancer. Materials and methods. The search for publications was carried out in the databases of the RSCI, PubMed, Scopus 2019-2023 years for the following queries: cancer of the oral mucosa; potentially malignant diseases of the oral cavity; precancerous diseases of the oral cavity, inflammation and cancer, cytokines, saliva cytokines, serum cytokines. Results. It is now recognized that under the influence of inflammation, neoplastic and stromal cells interact and control tumor evolution by producing cytokines. Modern studies demonstrate the important role of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β in the development and progression of oral cancer. A review of the conducted studies indicates that cytokines released by tumor cells of oral cancer, as well as the tumor microenvironment, contribute to cell proliferation, survival, and migration of tumor cells of this localization, although they activate immune cells, contributing to the modulation of the antitumor immune response. Hyperproduction of cytokines, registered at the local and systemic levels, appears to be a consequence of dysregulation of proliferative processes and at the same time one of the causes of tumor spread. Conclusion. Modern research demonstrates the important role of various cytokines in the development and progression of cancer of the oral mucosa. In this regard, therapeutic approaches that limit their growthstimulating activity should be considered.