Development and Intermediate Findings of a Level III Heavy-Truck Collision Study

Abstract

The development, implementation, and intermediate results of a Level III (on-scene) study of heavy freight vehicle collisions are presented. The University of New Brunswick’s Accident Research Team, under contract with Transport Canada, has conducted over 50 in-depth investigations over a 3-year period. Although the present findings are based on a relatively small sample, a number of common, and perhaps surprising issues have been identified. Many of the cases highlight the need for increased safety regulations targeted at the design and operation of these vehicles and the infrastructure over which they operate. The most common problems identified include the propensity of heavy trucks to roll over, load security, and inadequate crash protection afforded to the occupant compartment. The issues related to the establishment of an intense investigation protocol are discussed in this paper, as are the findings of the investigations that have occurred over a 3-year period. Recommendations are presented that are directed toward the refinement of a Level III protocol for further heavy-vehicle investigations. In addition, changes are proposed to existing Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards as they apply to heavy trucks.