Investigation of Skew Angle and Other Factors Influencing Crash Frequency at High-Speed Rural Intersections

Author:

Nightingale Ellen1,Parvin Niloo1,Seiberlich Cortney1,Savolainen Peter T.1,Pawlovich Michael2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Iowa State University, 482A Town Engineering Building, Ames, IA 50011

2. Iowa Department of Transportation, 800 Lincoln Way, Ames, IA 50010

Abstract

Intersections experience a disproportionate share of traffic crashes, injuries, and fatalities because of the increased number of conflicting traffic movements at these locations. These issues are particularly pronounced at rural locations where speeds are generally higher and most intersections are either stop- or yield-controlled. Ideally, intersecting roadways should be oriented at as close to a 90-degree angle as possible. However, intersection design can diverge from this preferred configuration and result in a skewed intersection. Skewed intersections have been found to cause safety and operational issues for road users. To determine the effect of intersection skewness on crash frequency, crash prediction models were estimated for rural stop-controlled intersections on high-speed two-lane highways throughout the state of Iowa. Separate analyses were conducted for three-leg and four-leg intersections. In both cases, crash frequency was estimated as a function of annual average daily traffic, skew angle, and other salient geometric characteristics. The results consistently showed crash frequency to increase with skew angle. A 10-degree deviation from 90 degrees would result in 3% more crashes at three-leg intersections and 4% more crashes at four-leg intersections. In addition, crashes were affected by the volume of heavy vehicles, whether the approaches were paved or unpaved and whether intersection lighting was present.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Civil and Structural Engineering

Reference14 articles.

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